세계최고봉 톱10

1. Mount Everest (Himalaya) - 8848 meters

Qomolangma (Everest) - the highest peak of the Earth. 

Translated from the Tibetan "Chomolungma" - "divine (jomo) mother (ma) vital energy (lung)». 

The mountain is named in honor of the goddess Bon Sherab Chzhammy.

The English name "Everest" has been given in honor of Sir George Everest Head of Geodetic Survey of British India in 1830-1843,

 respectively. 

The name proposed in 1856, the successor to Andrew George Everest in the publication of the results of its employee 

Radhanata Sikdara that in 1852 for the first time measured the height of the "Peak XV» and showed that he is the highest 

in the region and probably in the world.

Until the first successful ascent to the summit, which was held in 1953, there were about 50 expeditions in the Himalayas 

and Karakorum (on Everest, Chogori, Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat and other peaks).

May 29, 1953 Everest won the New Zealand mountaineer Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay.

Until the first successful ascent to the summit, which was held in 1953, there were about 50 expeditions in the Himalayas and Karakorum

 (on Everest, Chogori, Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat and other peaks). 

May 29, 1953 Everest won the New Zealand mountaineer Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay.

Number 2. K2 or Chogori (Karakorum) - 8614 meters

K2 - the second of the highest peaks in the world. 

Chogori was first discovered by European expedition in 1856 and was designated as the mountain K2, that is, the second peak of 

the Karakoram. The first attempt of ascent was made in 1902 by Oscar Ekkenshteynom and Aleister Crowley, but failed.

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Conquering the peaks occurred in 1954 Italian expedition led by Ardito Desio. To date, to the top of K2 laid 10 different routes.

Climbing K2 is technically much more difficult than the ascent of Everest.

In danger Mountain ranked second among the eight-thousanders after Annapurna, the mortality rate is 24%. 

None of the attempts to climb Chogori winter failed.

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3. Kangchenjunga (Himalaya) - 8586 meters

Kanchenjunga in third place in the ranking of the highest peaks in the world. peaks - 8586 meters. 

Until 1852 Kanchenjunga was considered the highest peak of the world, but after the calculations made on the basis of 

the 1849 expedition data, it was shown that the highest mountain - Mount Everest. 

First conquered Mount Kangchenjunga May 25, 1955, George Band and Joe Brown.

All top of the world there is a tendency to reduce mortality over time, but Kanchenjunga - the exception. 

In recent years, mortality in the ascent to the summit reached 23% and is growing.

In Nepal, there is a legend that the Kanchenjunga - the mountain, a woman who kills all the women who are trying to climb on top of her.

4. Lhotse (Himalayas) - 8516 meters

Lhotse - the fourth highest peak in the world, the height of 8516 meters. Nahoditsyav territory of the Tibet Autonomous Region.

The first successful ascent was made 18 May 1956 a Swiss expedition which included: Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luhsinger.

Of all the attempts to climb Lhotse crowned with success only 25%.

5. Makalu (Himalaya) - 8485 meters

Makalu - the fifth highest peak in the world. Located in the central Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and China (Tibet Autonomous Region).

The first attempts at climbing began in the mid 50-ies of the 20th century.

This can be explained by the fact that most of the missions wanted to conquer Everest and Lhotse, and Makalu and other less 

well-known neighboring peaks remained in the shadows.

The first successful expedition occurred in 1955.

French climbers under the leadership of Lionel Terry and Jean Causey conquered the summit of 15 May 1955. 

Makalu - one of the most difficult peaks to climb. Success achieve at least 30% of the expeditions. 

To date, to the top of Makalu laid 17 different routes.

Cho Oyu (Himalaya) - 8201 meters

Cho Oyu - the sixth highest mountain peak in the world. . 

The height of Cho Oyu - 8201 m The first successful ascent was made in 1954 by an Austrian expedition, which included: 

Herbert Tichy, Joseph Yehler and Pazang Dawa Lama. The first attempt was made to conquer a top without oxygen masks and tanks,

 and it failed. The success of the expedition opened a new page in the history of mountaineering.

To date, to the top of Cho Oyu laid 15 different routes.

7. Dhaulagiri I (Himalaya) - 8167 meters

Dhaulagiri I - the highest point of the mountain massif of Dhaulagiri in the Himalayas. peaks - 8167 meters. 

From 1808 to 1832 years of Dhaulagiri I considered the highest peak in the world. 

Climbers pay attention to it only in the 50s of the 20th century, and only the eighth expedition was able to conquer the summit. 

Team Europe's best mountain climbers under the leadership of Max Iselin conquered the summit of 13 May 1960.

In Sanskrit or Dhawan gave meaning "white", and weights - "mountain".

8. Manaslu (Himalaya) - 8156 meters

Manaslu (Kutang) - mountain, part of the mountain range Mansiri Himal in Nepal. In 1950, Tillman made the first reconnaissance of

 the mountain, and noted that it is possible to climb to the north-east side. 

And only 34 years later, after several unsuccessful attempts to conquer the mountain, January 12, 1984 the Polish climbers

 Ryszard Gajewski and Maciej Berbeka first went up to the main summit of Manaslu, conquered it. 

The mortality rate among climbers on Manaslu - 16%.

 9. Nanga Parbat (Himalaya) - 8125 meters

Nanga Parbat - one of the most dangerous mountains to climb among the eight-thousanders Mountains.

The height of the top of Nanga Parbat - 8125 meters.

From the top of the first Europeans saw in the 19th century Adolf Schlagintweit during his trip to Asia and made the first sketches.

In 1895, the first attempt to conquer the mountain climber committed UK Albert Frederick Mummery. 

But he was killed, together with its vehicles. Then take a few attempts of conquest in 1932, 1934, 1937, 1939, 1950. 

But the first successful conquest happened in 1953, when Hermann Buhl - member of the German-Austrian expedition

 led by K. Herligkoffera went on Nanga Parbat.

Nanga Parbat is the death rate among climbers 21%.

10. Annapurna I (Himalaya) - 8091 meters

Annapurna I - the highest peak of the Annapurna mountain range. height of the mountain - 8091 meters.

It occupies the tenth place among all the peaks of the world. 

Just this top is considered the most dangerous - the level of mortality for all climbers, the climbing is 32%,

 but at present, the mortality rate dropped to 17% in the period since 1990.

Annapurna name from Sanskrit means "goddess of fertility". 

To reach the summit for the first time in 1950, the French climbers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal.

Initially they wanted to conquer Dhaulagiri, but found it impregnable and went on Annapurna.

PS And here and there. The highest mountain of the planet - not Everest. 

Meet the Mauna Kea - a shield volcano on the island of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands archipelago.

In Hawaiian, "Mauna Kea" means "White Mountain". Above sea level, it rises to 4205 meters, but most of the mountain is under water.

Regarding the foot, located at the bottom of the ocean, the mountain height of 10,203 meters, which is higher than the Everest. 

Age Mauna Kea is estimated at about one million years, the most active period of her life took place hundreds of thousands of years ago.