Shushtar Historical Hydraulic system

Engineering Systems of Shushtar - a complex irrigation system , which dates back to the Achaemenid Persian king Darius the Great ,

who lived in the 5 th century BC . Described by UNESCO , as a  " masterpiece of creative genius " , Hydraulic System Shushtar included the creation

of the diversion canal on the Karun river in the form of moat around the town , on which were built the bridges and gates , to simultaneously serve as

a protective barrier against enemies . underground canal system , called permanganate , summed water in private ponds and wells of houses , buildings

and mills . These tunnels supplied water for domestic use and irrigation , and also served for storage and supply of water in times of war , when the main

gates were closed . Although the complex irrigation system fell into disrepair in the 19th century , traces of permanganate can still be found in the tombs

of some houses .

1. System Shushtar water originates in the times of the Achaemenids , a large part of the reconstruction and expansion of the system have been made ​​in

the 3 century BC . E . In the time of the Sassanids . The workers were Roman soldiers , captured Sasanian ruler Shapur I after the battle with the Roman Emperor Valerian . Using labor Roman soldiers prisoners , Sassanids ordered the construction of a vast irrigation system , consisting of two dams and

channels , which were to control the flow of water .

2. Channel Ab - I Gargar branches from the Karun river and joins the main river 50 km downstream , creating an island called Mianab or " Paradise " .

Shushtar is located at its northern tip , while the rest was spent on irrigation water plantations and gardens . 500 - meter spillway dam , located

 downstream on the river Karun , called Band - e Kaisar or " Imperial dam " , and was a key structure of the system , responsible for the retention and the

direction of the river water into irrigation canals . Another smaller dam , Band - e Mizan , was erected at the top of the stream , to control the flow of water

in the channel AB - I Gargar . according to various historical texts , the entire hydraulic Shushtar complex was built in just three - seven years .

3. The most interesting tourist attractions are the spectacular cliffs , the water of which drains into the cascades downstream basin .

 Then she falls into the plain , located to the south of the city , where it enables the implementation of planting gardens and farming over an area of

40,000 hectares . The hydraulic system is for thousands of years and is still used today .

4. Some  Iranian scientists and local residents say , that there used to be about 40 mills , built on the water , although many of them were destroyed

with the passage of time and lack of repair . In 1933 g . On the north side of the square  electric company was founded , and in 1955 was built plant for

 the production of ice .

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